“Do” & “Make”

“DO” & “MAKE” ARASINDAKİ FARK
İngilizce öğrenirken bazen karıştırılan iki sözcük “do” ve “make” dir. Yapısal açıdan faklı olsalarda, biz bu iki sözcüğü türkçeye çeviriken “yapmak” , ” etmek” olarak çeviriyoruz ve dolayısı ile karmaşa başlıyor yeni İngilizce öğrenmeye başlayanlar için. Ayrıca bu iki sözcüğün karıştırılmasının nedenlerinden biri de, bu sözcükler ile İngilizce’de deyim ve tamlamaların türetilmesidir. Örneğin: - do homework - make a mistake O zaman yapılması gereken şeyler: bu iki kelimeyi öğrenirken önce yapısal olarak farklarını öğrenmeli ve sonra da bu sözcüklerle yapılan tamlamaları bilmeliyiz.

Do
Tek başına bir fiil olarak nadiren kullanılır ve anlamsal olarak çok genel bir yapmak, etmek anlamı vardır. Genellikle “do” soru sormak, olumsuz yapmak ve deyim türetmek için bir yardımcı fiil olarak kullanılır.
GENEL EYLEMLER İÇİN “DO” I want to do something. What are you doing this evening? What can we do? Do it now!	İŞLE İLİGİLİ DO” KULLANIMI We usually use do to talk about work: What do you do? (= What is your job?) Who does your shopping? I don’t want to do any work today. I hate doing the washing up. Have you done your homework? Bazen “do” konuşma dilinde bazı eylemler için kullanılabilir. Ancak bu çok nadirdir Örnekler: do the lawn (cut/mow? sow? the lawn) do my room (tidy? paint? my room) do the car (wash? paint? repair? the car)	DO İLE YAPILAN BAZI DEYİMLER, FİİL GRUPLARI >> do good >> do harm >> do well >> do badly >> do a favour >> do business
MAKE
“make” bir işi eylemi yapmak, üretmek , inşaa etmek anlamında kullanılır. Make cümlelerde ana fiil olarak kullanıldığı gibi tamlama ve deyimlerde de kullanılmaktadır.
Örnekler
>> I’ll make a cake for Anthony’s birthday. >> This car was made in France. >> Did you make this table yourself?

KARŞILAŞTIRMA
>> Do the shopping. ( Birşey üretmiyoruz. sadece eylemi geröekleştiriyoruz “Alışveriş yapmak“) >> Make a cake. (bir şey üretiyoruz. Kek Yapmak)

MAKE İLE YAPILAN FİİL GRUPLARI VE TAMLAMALAR
make an attempt make a bed (usually this means “tidy the bedclothes” but it could mean “manufacture the furniture”) make a change/changes make a complaint make a decision make a demand make an effort make an exception make an excuse make a loss make love make a mistake make money make a noise make an offer make peace make a phone call make a profit make a suggestion make war

Here are some expressions that you should learn. Notice that as main verbs we use make more often than do:

do good
do harm
do well
do badly
do a favour
do business

make an attempt
make a bed (usually this means “tidy the bedclothes” but it could mean “manufacture the furniture”)
make a change/changes
make a complaint
make a decision
make a demand
make an effort
make an exception
make an excuse
make a loss
make love
make a mistake
make money
make a noise
make an offer
make peace
make a phone call
make a profit
make a suggestion
make war

_______________ a bet
_______________ a job
_______________ the dishes
_______________ a skirt
_______________ the cleaning
_______________ your hair
_______________ believe
_______________ amends
_______________ some damage
_______________ a home
_______________ fifty press ups
_______________ some yoghurt
______________ a fortune
_______________ a model
_______________ a noise
_______________ your best
_______________ the washing up
_______________ an application
_______________ some work
_______________ some harm
_____________ a favour
_______________ a man of you
_______________ a profit
_______________ an error
_______________ the washing
_______________ your nails
_______________ do
_______________ well in something
_______________ a promise
_______________ some practice
_______________ a reservation
_______________ a mess
_______________ your duty
_______________ ends meet
_______________ an effort
_______________ your own thing
_______________ an enquiry
_______________ some money
_______________ waves
_______________ eyes at someone

Answers:

make a bet
do a job
do the dishes
make a skirt
do the cleaning
do your hair
make believe
make amends
do some damage
make a home
do fifty press ups
make some yoghurt
make a fortune
make a model
make a noise
do your best
do the washing up
make an application
do some work
do some harm
do a favour
make a man of you
make a profit
make an error
do the washing
do your nails
make do
do well in something
make a promise
do some practice
make a reservation
make a mess
do your duty
make ends meet
make an effortd
do your own thing
make an enquiry
make some money
make waves
make eyes at someone

_______________ the laundry
_______________ an appearance
_______________ something crazy
_______________ a phone call
_______________ a fuss
_______________ your worst
_______________ laws
_______________ the big time
_______________ the honours
_______________ war
_______________ an excuse
_______________ someone feel uncomfortable
_______________ yourself proud
_______________ sense
_______________ sure of something
_______________ your way home
_______________ an exam
_______________ a fire
_______________ a face
_______________ a decision
_______________ business with someone
_______________ a date
_______________ a fool of someone
_______________ justice to something
_______________ an impression
_______________ an incision
_______________ more harm than good
_______________ too much
_______________ a speech
_______________ the grade
_______________ the newspapers
_______________ a suggestion
_______________ a crossword
_______________ hay while the sun shines
_______________ the shopping
_______________ history
_______________ some exercise
_______________ the trick
_______________ someone else’s dirty work
_______________ a mistake

Answers:

do the laundry
make an appearance
do something crazy
make a phone call
make a fuss
do your worst
make laws
make the big time
do the honours
make war
make an excuse
make someone feel uncomfortable
do yourself proud
make sense
make sure of something
make your way home
do an exam
make a fire
make a face
make a decision
do business with someone
make a date
make a fool of someone
do justice to something
make an impression
make an incision
do more harm than good
do too much
make a speech
make the grade
make the newspapers
make a suggestion
do a crossword
make hay while the sun shines
do the shopping
make history
do some exercise
do the trick
do someone else’s dirty work
make a mistake

_______________ some yoghurt
_______________ the best of things
_______________ more than 120 miles per hour
_______________ an appointment
_______________ your homework
______________ some arrangements
_______________ light of
_______________ your position clear
_______________ the housework
_______________ something of yourself
_______________ the dirty on someone
_______________ someone quit
_______________ something out of character
_______________ yourself at home
_______________ fun of someone
_______________ some research
_______________ something unbelievable
_______________ some good
_______________ a bit of shopping
_______________ friends

Answers:

make some yoghurt
make the best of things
do more than 120 miles per hour
make an appointment
do your homework
make some arrangements
make light of
make your position clear
do the housework
make something of yourself
do the dirty on someone
make someone quit
do something out of character
make yourself at home
make fun of someone
do some research
do something unbelievable
do some good
do a bit of shopping
make friends

Make, do/lend, borrow/speak, talk etc.

1. Put make or do in the gaps.

1. to …………… a mistake

2. to …………… the homework

3. to …………… the washing up

4. to …………… somebody angry

5. to …………… a phone call

6. to …………… my best

7. to …………… the shopping

8. to …………… a film

9. to …………… progress

10. to …………… somebody a favour

2. Put one of these verbs in the correct form in each gap:

borrow lend pay take

Choose the most suitable verb.

1. She ……………………. me one hundred pounds last month.

2. When he was a baby, I ……………………. care of my brother.

3. I usually ……………………. two books a week from the library.

4. Please, ……………………. me your pen.

5. Sometimes, I ……………………. my parents’ car.

6. You must ……………………. the medicine if you want to get better.

7. I don’t like ……………………. risks.

8. Don’t ……………………. him any money, he’ll spend it on beer.

9. May I ……………………. your pen. Mine isn’t working.

10. Please, ……………………. attention to the teacher.

3. Choose the correct answer.

1. Can you ……………….. Italian? talk / speak / say

2. Manchester United ……………….. Liverpool 3-0. are winning / won / beat

3. I’ve ……………….. my passport. I must go back. forgotten / left / forgot

4. It’s raining! I’ve ……………….. my umbrella in the flat. forgotten / left / forgot

5. Please ……………….. me to post the letter. remember / remind / don’t forget

6. Bob wants to ……………….. business with the manager. talk / speak / say

7. Harry ……………….. the money from the bank. robbed / stealed / stole

8. We ……………….. all the paintings in the gallery. watched / looked at / looked

9. The army ……………….. the President from the gunman. prevented / protected / avoided

10. If you turn left, you’ll ……………….. the station. meet / counter / find

Make, do/lend, borrow/speak, talk etc.

1. make

2. do

3. do

4. make

5. make

6. do

7. do

8. make

9. make

10. do

2. 1. lent

2. took

3. borrow

4. lend

5. borrow

6. take

7. taking

8. lend

9. borrow

10. pay

3. 1. speak

2. beat

3. forgotten

4. left

5. remind

6. talk

7. stole

8. looked at

9. protected

10. find

Make, do/lend, borrow/speak, talk etc.

1. Put make or do in the gaps.

1. to …………… a mistake

2. to …………… the homework

3. to …………… the washing up

4. to …………… somebody angry

5. to …………… a phone call

6. to …………… my best

7. to …………… the shopping

8. to …………… a film

9. to …………… progress

10. to …………… somebody a favour

2.Put one of these verbs in the correct form in each gap: