The Passive Voice
THE PASSIVE VOICE
Look at the following examples:
ACTIVE : She has typed the letter.(Mektubu yazdı)
PASSIVE : The letter has been typed.(Mektubu yazıldı)
ACTIVE : They arrested him.(Onu tutukladırlar.)
PASSIVE : He was arrested.(O tutuklandı.)
Üstteki örneklerde nesne olan the letter (direct object) ve him(indirect object) kelimelerinin passive cümlede özne olarak (grammatical subject) kullanıldığı görüyorsunuz.Nesne böyle özne olorak kullanıldığında yüklem passive olur.
Passive in Turkish
Türkçe’de kök halinde edilgen çatılı (passive)bir fiil yoktur.Dilimizde tüm fiiller — ıl (aç-açıldı, ,dik -dikildi, Sor—soruldu.çöz—çözüldü ),ya da –(ı)n ekiyle (oku—okundu , bile—bilendi ,al—alındı,sil—silindi,bul—bulundu,gül—gülündü)edilgen ,yapılabilirler.Why do We Use the Passive?
1 Anlam bakımından işi kimin yaptığı anlaşılıyorsa ya da yapılan iş,işi yapandan daha çok önemseniyorsa cümle
passive olarak söylenir:
Turkish is spoken in Turkey.
Anadol cars are made in İstanbul.
2 İşi kimin yaptığı belli değilse ya da söylemek istenmiyorsa:
A bank was robbed yesterday
3 « Bunu ben yaptım.Onu ancak ben yapabilirm.Zaferi biz kazandık .» gibi konuşmalar kendimize karşı hoşnutsuzluk yaratabilir.Bu sakıncayı önlemek için işi passive olarak anlatmak daha uygun olur:
In this book an example was given before each group of exercises.
Uyarı : Anlatımlarda Fiil ya active ya da passive olorak kullanılır,sonrada çevirme olmaz.Alıştırma kitaplarındaki uygulamalar passive formaları öğretebilmek içindir.
SUBJECT and OBJECTS
SUBJECT:The answer to who-verb?or :What+verb?
Ali answered all the questions. (Who Answered? Ali.)
A horse pulls a carriage. (Who pulls? A horse.)
DIRECT OBJECT:The answer to Who(m)? or:What?
She found a pen (What did she find?Apen)
I saw her at the cinema (Who did I see? Her.)
INDIRECT OBJECT:The answer to Who..to? or: Who..For?
I sent Sibel a card.(Who did I send a Card to? Sibel.)
I bought Erol a Book .(Who did I buy book for? Erol.)
Exercise 1. Point out the direct and indirect object in the following sentences.
1 I’m going to post the letter soon.
2 He’ll teach us a song today.
3 She bought a bag yesterday.
4 He is teaching Alper English
5 I’ll give it to you.
6 She invited them to her wedding party.
7 He gave them a few books.
8 He visits her every weekend.
9-They’ll kill the dog which bit the child.
10-She gave Hatice and me her address.
11- I can bring the books on the table.
12- Can you help all of us?
13- We like him.
14- Nobody knows what he wants.
15- He will lend us some money.
Passive in English
| The Passive Forms of Tenses | S. | AUXILIARY | TO BE+ | ||
| Present Perfect Past Perfect Future Perfect Conditional Perfect |
It |
Has Had Will have Would have |
been |
written |
|
| Present Continuous Past Continuous Future Continuous Conditional Continuous |
is Was Will be Would be |
being | |||
| Simple Present Simple Past |
is was |
||||
| Simple Future Conditional |
Will Would |
be be |
|||
Üssteki cetvelde ve önceki örneklerde görüldügü gibi passive İngilizce’de TO BE yardımcı fiilinin (am,are,is,were,be,been,being)zamana uygun bir şekli ile asıl fiilin past participle formu kullnılarak yapılır
fakat İngilizce’de tüm fiiler passive yapılamaz.Geçişli fiiller(nesne alan—transitive verbs)passive yapılabilir,geçisiz fiiler (nesne almayan —intransitive verbs) passive olmazlar.
İngilizce’de zamanların (tenses)hepsi passive yapılabilir,fakat perfect continuous’lar passive olorak kullanılmazlar.
Summary
Passive yapmada çok önemli üç iş vardır:
1- Active cümlenin öznesi genellikle atılır,nesnesi passive cümlede özne olur.
2 -Zamana uygun bir TO BE konur.
3 -Zaman (tense) ne olursa olsun fiilin mutlaka üçüncü şekli(past participle) kullanılır.
Uyarı:Passive’e çevirirken özne ile yardımcı fiilin uyumuna dikkat ediniz.
Look at the following examples:
A. I painted the door
P. The door was painted.
A. They have put out the fire
P. The fire has been put out
A.Somebody has broken the glass
P.The glass has been broken
(A.=active P.=passive)
Üstteki örneklerde görüldüğü gibi özne (subject) zamir (1.you,he,she,it,we,they)ya da somebody,nobody,a man ,people…gibi kesinlik belirtmeyen bir kelime ise passive cümlede genellikle tekrar edilmez.
Look at the follwing examples
A.Röntgen discovered X-ray.
P.X—ray was discovered by Röntgen.
A.Namık Kemal wrote VATAN YAHUT SİLİSTRE.
P. VATAN YAHUT SİLİSTRE was written by Namık Kemal.
Passive cümlede gerçek öznenin belirtilmesi gereksiniyorsa üstteki örnekşlerde görüldüğü gibi BY edatı ile tekrarlanır.
Look at the following examples :
A.She typed the letters
P.The letters were typed(by her).
A.He prevented the fight.
P.The fight was prevented (by him).
A.I have packed them
P.They have been packed.
A.we invited her to party.
P.She was invitied to the party.
A.He asked me the most difficult question.
P.I was asked the most difficult question.
(or:The most difficult questions was asked to me.)
Üstteki örneklerde zamir olan öğelerin (subjective pronoun or objevtive pronoun) passive cümlede nasıl değiştiğini görüyorsunuz.
Look at the following examples :
A.He will do it today.
P. İt will be done today.
A.Are They cleaning the windows?
P.Are The windows being cleaned?
Üstteki örneklerde olduğu gibi passive yaparken cümlenin olumluluk durumu değişmez.olumsuzluk korunur.
Look at the following examples :
A.She cut her finger deeply.
P.Her finger was deeply cut.
Or:Her finger was cut deeply.
Üstteki örneklerde görüldüğü gibi — ly ile biten kelimeler (adverbs of manner) passive cümlede past participle’dan önce ya dasonra söylenebilirler.
Present Perfect Tense
Dialogue :
Why is the fare very high? Because the price of petrol has BEEN raised. (çünkü benzinin fiatı yükseltildi.) What has happened to the prices of food? The prices of food have BEEn increased too. (Gıda maddelerinin fiatları da yükseltildi.)Exercise 4. Change into the passive voice
1 He has not cleaned the board yet.
The board has not been cleaned yet.
2 They have just taken him to the hospital.
3 Have you done all the exercises?
4 She has already washed up the dishes.
5 They have made two tables today.
6 Have you posted the letter?
7 They have ordered schoolbooks.
8 He has asked me a questions.
9 I have given the dictionary to the students
10 I have told them not to play on the road.
Past Perfect Tense
Exercise 6. Complete these sentences.
Our Independence War 1 Before the battle began,our armies had been gahered between Kütahya and Afyonkarahisar.(gather) 2 All the necessary preparations…………………….before the great attack.(make) 3 The enemy’s war plan …………………….by our secret agent before the great attack.(learn) 4 The war began after the order to attack…………………….to turkish Armies By the Commander-in-Chief,Mustafa Kemal.(give) 5 The great part of enemy field …………………….by our cannons before the sun set on that day.(destroy) 6 The ways behind the enemises…………………….by our brave cavarlry.(keep) 7 Many mountains and hills under the enemy’s control1 Mehmet has rented a house today and an agreement has been made with the owner.(make) 8 Before it got dark, our flags……………………at the tops of the hills on the enemy field.(raise)Exercise 7 . Change into the passive voice
1-She was unhappy because somebody had stolen her money ….. …….. ……..her money had been stolen. 2-We had put the fire out before the firemen came……… …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 3-He had closed the door before the sun set. . …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 4-After the doctor had operated on him ,he died …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 5- She didn’t go out until she had finished all the housework….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 6 -She asked if they had seen that book before. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 7 -We fought until we had saved our counntry. . …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 8-Before the exam we had done a lot of exercises. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 9-Nobody had given him any medicine before the doctor came………… …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. ..Present Continuos Tense
Exercise 9 .Complete these sentences.
1- Now we are in the market.Everybody is busy with something .Sacks are being carried by porters.(carry) 2- Some prices …….. …….. …….. By sellers or…….. …….. …..By some buyers(announce)(ask) 3- Some food …….. …….. ……..By a few officials.(check) 4- Things…….. …….. ……..by the sellers and then they …….. …….. ….to the buyers (weigh) (give). 5- The boxes …….. …….. …….. …….. ……..and the fruit in them…….. …….. …….. ……(open) (take out) 6- The things which have been sold…….. …….and …….. …….. in baskets or in string bags.(pack)(put). 7- A bargain…….. …….. ……..between a seller and a customer(make) 8- Some goods …….. …….. …….. ……..into the market.(bring) 9- People…….. …….. …….. …….. ……..by the new prices(surpise) 10- As they are cheaper,vegatables…….. …….. ……..more than dry food.(sell)Exercise 10.Change into the passive voice.
1-He is examing a girl. A girl is being examined. 2- She is giving them an exam. 3- Are you ironing the table-cloth? 4- They are pulling down the walls around the garden. 5 -A policeman is following the thieves . 6- They are building a dockyard in izmir. 7- Someone is counthing the books in the library 8 – He is teaching me how to drive 9 – We are bringing in the desks 10 – They are painting the tables. 11- Traffic policemen are checking the cars 12- They are mending the car. 13- A man is showing the visitors the ship 14- A machine is cleaning the street 15- Viking-1 is taking photos of mars and sending them to the worldPast Continuous Tense
Exercise 11 .Complete These Sentences.
1. We moved aside while the desks…….. …….. …….. ……..(take out) 2. When I was there ,suitcases …….. …….. ……..by porters(carry) 3. When we were at village , factory…….. …….. ……..there.(build) 4. Going into the house ,the thief felt that he…….. …….. ……..by a policeman,so he ran away.(watch) 5. As the trees…….. …….. ……..,they…….. …….. ……..(plant)(water) 6. When we arrived at the beach,a tent …….. …….. …….. …….. ……..(set up) 7. While the newspapers …….. …….. ……..,there was an electricity cut(print). 8. At that time this song…….. …….. …….. ……..(sing) 9. He died while he…….. …….. …….. …….. ……..(operate on).10.He went to the tailor because his coat was being made there(make)
Exercise 12 Change into the passive voice.
1. She was dusting the goods all day yesterday. The goods were being dusted all day yesterday 2. Whie they were reparing our house ,we stayed in a tent 3. Were they playing tennis at five o’clock? 4. She was lulling the baby all evening. 5. Were packing the baby all evining. 6. All day yesterday she was cleaning the house. 7. Who was driving the car when the accident happened? 8. They were discussing the election when I entered. 9. While they were singing the national anhem, a man was raising the flag. 10. They were taking photos during the meeting.Simple Present Tense
Exercise 15. Change into the passive voice.
1 Do you water the flowers everday? Are the flowers watered ever day? 2- Do they sometimes open the windows? 3- They don’t drink dirty water. 4- They don’t eat a bad egg. 5- Where do they write an address? 6- Where do they make Murat cars? 7- Where do they sell fruit? 8- They don’t take a baby to the cinema. 9- Does a doctor always give a sick man medicine? 10- Where do they play football? 11- How does a fisherman catch a fish?Exercise 16 .Change into the passive voice.
1- We clean the blackboard with a duster. The blackboard is cleaned with a duster. 2- A postman brings letters. 3- A fisherman catches fish. 4- They keep food in a refrigerator. 5- A good teacher uses charts in teaching. 6- A housewife does housework. 7 – They put flowers in a vase 8 – They make wine from grapes. 9- Everybody knows the harm of smoking. 10- A doctor examines the sick.Exercise 17.Change into the passive voice.(Mixed type)
1- They write friendly letter in ink. A friendly letter is written in ink. 2- We generally use coal to warm a room. 3- He usually underlines the important sentences in a passage. 4- Why do they restore old castles? 5- Do they lend books to everbody at a library? 6- They heat a big building by central heating. 7- How do you make a salad? 8- A man cuts bread with a knife. 9- We practise the new words in class. 10-A fireman puts a fire out . 11- They do exercises to learn better. 12- Somebody sells tickets before the film. 13- Who writes a text book?Simple Past Tense
Exercise 18. Answer these Questions.
1- Who was Istanbul conquered by? 2- How was Istanbul conquered? 3 – When was Istanbul conquered? 4- Where were the big cannons made? 5- How were the big cannons brought fron Edirne to Istanbul?. 6- How many oxen were used to pull the biggest cannon? 7- What was city surrouded by? 8- What was the Golden Horn blocked with? 9- What was Sultan Mehmet called after the conquest of Istanbul? 10- Who was the Turkish flag hung on the city wall by?Exercise 20.Change into the passive voice
1- Did we do these exercise yestarday? Were these exercies done yesterday? 2- Why didn’t you make coffee for everybody? 3- Did the teacher correct your mistakes? 4- Where did they take the wounded man? 5- Romans didn’t build this castle. 6- Did the policeman arrest the thief? 7- He didn’t wash the car 8- I didn’t post my letter yesterday. 9- Did you give him pocket money this morning? 10- I didn’t change the wheel. 11- Did you plant the roses?Exercise 21.Change into the pasive voice.
1- He mended the desks. The desks were mended. 2- They forgot this event. 3- We packed the books yesterday. 4- Atatürk founded the Turkish Republic. 5- He repaired the clock. 6- She typed the letters yesterday. 7- They showed us the old statues 8- The policeman ordered the driver to stop. 9- They pulled the broken down car aside. 10- He told them to come early.Exercise 22.Change into the passive voice.(mixed type)
1- When did they land Viking –1 on Mars? When was Viking-1 landed on mars? 2- Did you give them information? 3 We did all the exercises on this page 4 They didn’t serve dinner last night. 5 They offered him a job in the factory. 6- I considered it a big help. 7- Who broke the pen? 8- An earthquake destroyed some villages completely last year. 9- Nobody said anything about it. 10 – They cleaned all the rooms after the lesson. 11- They painted this house last year. 12- Did they pack all the books? 13- Who invented the radio? 14- Last year they produced a lot of cotton in Turkey. 15- Someone warned the farmers about the frost.Future
Dialogue :
– Has İzmir got a water problem? – Yes,it has . But this year it will Be completely solved. (Evet,var.Fakat bu yıl tümüyle çözümlenecek.) - What is the traffic here like? – It’s terrible to prevent accidents some subways are going to BE built.(Korkunç.Kazaları önlemek için birkaç alt geçit yapılacak.) In İzmirExercise 24.Complete these sentences using the verba in brackets.
1- This will be sold.(sell) 2- The questions………………….on the board.(write) 3- A bridge………………….over the river .(build) 4- Big warships………………….at Atabay Dockyard.(make) 5- Petroleum………………….in the Aegean Sea by MTA Sismik 1.(search for) 6- No workers………………….after this.(dismiss). 7- Chapters in the text books ………………….(simplify) 8- The highway between Ankara and İstanbul ………………….(shorten) 9- A car………………….for the hospital.(buy) 10- Travelling libraries………………….(increase)Exercise 25 .Change into the passive voice.
1 They will give lectures about civil defence. Lectures will be given about civl defence. 2 Will they build some subways in Ankara an Adana? 3 They will pull down the building built illegally. 4 They will organize swimming races in big cities. 5 Will she wash up the dishes after lunch? 6 We will do all the exercises on this page. 7 He will read our marks tomorrow. 8 We will cover the books this afternoon. 9 You shall sharpen your pencils before the lesson. 10 You won’t sign the test papers. 11 Will you post them today? 12 The students will check their dictations. 13 You will hand in the test papers to teacher. 14 They will paint the house blue. 15 I’ll show them all the interesting sights.Models in Passive Sentences
| MODAL AUX.+BE + PAST PARTICPLE | |||
|
Two pictures |
Are going to Will Can could Have to May Might Must Ought to Should Used to Would |
be |
Drawn |
Exercise 26.Complete these sentences.
1 İllegal actions must be absolutely prevented.(prevent) 2 Everything is to ………………….according to the laws.(do) 3 The laws are to …………………. in the best way .(use) 4 Our troops should………………….with modern weapons.(arm) 5 The weapons ,warships and aircraft we need should ………………….in our contry.(make) 6 Our aircraft have to …………………. continuously.(renew) 7 Prices must…………………. and effectively ………………….by the government.(fix)(control) 8 Sone taxes may ………………….(decrease).Instead a new source of income might ………..(find) 9 More credit might………………….to the farmers.(give) 10 The guilty ought to ………………….and they are to………………….(catch)(punish)Exercise 27.Change into the passive voice.
1 We can Catch a fish with a book. A fish can be caught with a book. 2 You may discuss this matter later. …………………. …………………. …………………. 3 You must write a friedly letter in ink. …………………. …………………. …………………. 4 Students should practise all the exercises. …………………. …………………. …………………. 5 They will open the windows after the lesson. …………………. …………………. …………………. 6 People ought to obey the traffic rules. …………………. …………………. …………………. 7 He used to teach us national songs. …………………. …………………. …………………. 8 We had to do it at once. …………………. …………………. …………………. 9 They are to put traffic lights here. …………………. …………………. …………………. 10 You have to konock at the door before going to. …………………. …………………. …………………. 11 They have to use all the charts in teaching languages. …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. 12 You can finish the work today. …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. 13 They may do some of the exercises at home. …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. 14 We mustn’t forget it. …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. 15 People should arrange meetings to discuss problems. …………………. …………………. …………………. ………………….Future Perfect
Exercise 28.Give answers.
1- Will tirps have been organized to some plantes by the year 2000? …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. 2- Do you think some new worlds will have been discovered by the end of this century? …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. ………………. 3-Where will cities have been built? …………………. …………………. …………………. 4-What will have been developed to live under the sea? …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. 5-Will an international union have been established to solve feeding problems or to fight aganist the people in other worlds? …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. ………..Exercise 30.Change into the passive voice.
- They will have launched two new warships by the end of the year.
1-We will have made all the weapons our armies need in five years time …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. … 2-In two days time they will have painted the house. …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. 3-If she doesn’t pay attention she will have broken all the plates in a week‘s time. …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. 4-When the bell rings for the end of the lesson ,we will have answered all the qestions. …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. 5-By the time the sun sets,we will have replaced everything. …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. ………………….6- 6-You will have done it by five o’clock . …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. 7-We will have used up all the coal by the end of winter. …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. 8-Vikings will have exlored some plants by the end of the twentieth century. …………………. …………………. …………………. …………………. ………………….
Passive Infinitive
Look at the following examples:
A I want you to post the letter soon. P I want the letter to Be posted soon. A.He was to have finished the work.but he became ill. P.The work was to have BEEN finished,but he became illÜstteki örneklerde görüldüğü gibi present infinitive’in passive formu past participle’dan önce Be getirilerek,perfect
Infintive phrase’i passive yapmak için nesne (object)phrase’in öznesi(subject)yerine kullanılır.
| INFINITIVE PHRASE | ||||
| S. | TRANSITIVE VERB | O. | ||
| ACTIVE | He wants | Us | To open | The door |
| PASSIVE | He wants | The door | To be opened | |
Exercise 32.Change into the passive voice
1-I wanted them to write the new words I wanted the new words to be written. 2 He wandet them her to shut the door. ……… …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. ……. 3 They want her to make tea every morning. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 4 I wanted them to buy dictionary. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 5 Atatürk ordered us not to leave any part of the country to the enemies. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 6 I exepected him to tell a story …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 7 He wanted her her to wash the dishes. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 8 The teacher wished us to do all the exercises. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 9 I exepect you talk over this matter …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 10 I’d like you to play the piano. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. ……..Exercise 34.Complete these sentences using the verbs in brackets in the correct tense.
1 The flowers wil be waterded tomorrow.(water) 2 The desks …….. …….. now.(take out). 3 The floor…….. ……..yet.(not wash) 4 Tea…….. ……..to the guests last night.(give) 5 The mistakes made by students……..always…….. ……..by the teacher.(correct) 6 Homework…….. .by students.(do) 7 The floor…….. ……..yet.(notwash) 8 Yesterday the sick wowan …….. ……..by Dr.Ersek .(operate on) 9 All the taxes …….. ……..by five o’clock tomorrow.(pay). 10 Lessons…….. ……..by a teacher.(give) 11 Exercises…….. ……..by students.(do)B
1 Selim ill had been killed by janissaries before Alemdar Mustafa came to İstanbul.(kill) 2 This letter…….. ……..this afternon.(post) 3 Photograhps…….. ……..with a camera.(take). 4 This matter…….. ……..tomorrow.(have to discuss) 5 The letters…….. ……..yesterday.(type) 6 The questions…….. ……..by now.(answer). 7 All the questions…….. ……..by the end of the lesson.(have to answer) 8 It…….. ……..he is agood man(believe) 9 Last Monday we…….. ……..how the exercises …….. ……..(teach)(do) 10 The house …….. ……..for a month.(repair) 11 When l was there,the boxes…….. ……..onto the truck.(load) 12 I think the table …….. ……..now.(set) 13 Yesterday many people …….. ……..to the party.(invite) 14 While our flag…….. ……..,our national song…….. ……..(raise)(sing)Exercise 36.Change ,nto the passive voice(mixed type exercises)
A
1 He has made a tbale for the kitchen. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. … 2 They have buit many big bridges in Turkey. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 3 She can’tanswer every question. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 4 They painted the cupboard yesterday. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 5 Now he is teaching us English. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 6 Are they cleaning the windows? …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 7 They will sell the car for fifty thousand liras. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 8 He examined the sick man. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 9 Have you done the spring cleaning in your house? …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 10 He may ask this question. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 11 You should tke them out. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 12 We must put the flowers in a vase. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 13 They put books on a shelf …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 14 Do they invite everbody to a party? …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 15 Have they put the fire out? …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 16 We sharpen a pencil with a pencil sharpener. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 17 She has done nothing. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 18 A hunter kills will animals. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 19 They showed the factory to the people. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 20 I told him to go home at once. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 21 When will they publish this book? …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 22 They always show us the right way. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 23 We have just brought in the chairs. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 24 They employed them in the factory. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 25 Millions of people speak English. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 26 They rule the country according to the laws. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 27 They do homework at home. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 28 They punish aguilty man when he commits a crime. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 29 We sometimes remember some sad events. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 30 You plased them …….. …….. …….. …….. 31 If you don’t lock he cat,they may steal it. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 32 He doesn’t know where he has left the bag. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 33 We are to do it. ……. …….. …….. …….. …….. 34 They broke the table and bought a new one . …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 35 We used to open the windows every morning. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 36 You should teach greetings to students. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 37 They may read the newspaper to the blind man. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 38 Why didn’t you write down the words in this lesson? …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. … 39 When didn’t you write down the new word in this lesson? …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …. 40 When did we drive away the Greeks? …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 41 Why do we wear thick clothes in winter? …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. ……..Exercise 37.Which of the following are in the passive voice?
A 1 He was very interested in music. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 2 She was examined again this morning. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. ……. …….. …….. …….. …….. ……… 3 We saw him come. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 4 Everthing was carefully controlled. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 5 They were hidden among the trees. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 6 When will they be posted? …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 7 We are very tired today. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 8 Meat is kept in a refrigerator. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 9 They produce tobacco and grapes here. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 10 Where is tea produced in Turkey? …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 11 Pencils are put in a box …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 12 Have they been to Ankara? …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 13 Has he been dismissed? …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 14 It is being carried out now. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 15 I missed my relatives. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. ……..B
1 It can be divided into two parts. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 2 How much money has been spent for this? …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 3 A lot of peole watched the games on Tv. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 4 Everbody wants to be happy. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 5 It must be put in a drawer …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 6 We got a written order to do it. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 7 The past perticiple may be used as an adjective. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 8 Is fruit soid in every shop? …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 9 They are covering the books. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 10 All the books will have been covered by tommorow. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 11 He wants to sell his car. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 12 It is to be carefully done. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 13 It is said that he is a good man. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 14 I hope you all understood the passiveforms. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 15 The passive voice is formed with to be and the past paritciple. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. ……..Passive To ACTIVE
Passive bir yüklemi active’e çevirmemiz istenbilir.O halde passive için yapılan değişiklerin tersini yapmak gerekir.
1.Grammatical subject yükleminden(verb)sonra söylenir;zamir nesne biçimi(objective pronoun)kullanılır. 2.Passive için kullanılan to be(am,are,is,was,were,be,being) cümleden çıkarılır. 3.Gerçek özne (by+noun/pronoun)kullanılmasısa onu grammatical subject’in yerinde söyleriz.Kullanılmamışsa gereğine göre kendimiz it,they,people…gibi uygun bir subject kullanırız.| PASSIVE | The door | İs locked | At nightAt night | ||
| ACTIVE | They | lock | The door | ||
Exericise 38 .Change into the active voice.
1 The sickare treated by a doctor. A doctor treats the sick. 2 A table is set by a mother …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. ……. …….. …….. …….. …….. ……… 3 Some housework is done by servant. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 4 Meat and fruit are kept in refrigerator. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 5 A board is cleaned with a duster. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 6 Dishes are washed up after a meal. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 7 Questions are written on the door. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 8 A key is used to open the door. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 9 Things for sale are displayed in the windows. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 10 Water for making tea is boiled in kettle. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. ……..Exercise 39.Change into the active voice.
1 The first heart transplant operation was performed by Dr.Barnard. Dr.Barnand perfomed the first heart transplant operation. 2 He was told not to smoke. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. ……. …….. …….. …….. …….. ……… 3 The thief who entered the house was killed by the owner. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 4 He was arrested yesterday. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 5 Her bag was stolen at the garage. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 6 Where were these flowers grown? …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 7 Was the letter posted? …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 8 The new warships were shown to the people. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 9 Who was the radio invented by? …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. …….. 10 When was America discovered?
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Man I love this post and it was so fabulous and I am definetly going to save it. I Have to say the Superb analysis you have done is greatly remarkable.Who goes that extra mile these days? Well Done!! Just one more tip you caninstall a Translator for your Worldwide Audience .